Hmmm... I composed a very similar answer.
Maybe mine is a little more grim ...
In order to answer the question, you have to determine what kind of games you have access to. Rules, Penetration, etc. That way you can determine what type of house edge you are needing to overcome.
Then, you need to determine what level of risk of losing everything you are willing to take. Finally, what levels of minimum to maximum bet will the casino tolerate? This spread will determine variance.
A short answer is: If you have anything less than $10,000 set aside, you can only play red chips. You need 400-800 minimum bets as a rule of thumb. 100 max bets would be another way of looking at it.
How to get started?
Step 1) Stay out of the casino. Ever notice the people playing anything larger than red chips? Come back a year later, and you will see a whole different set of 'big bettors'. Why? Because without playing with a rather large edge, the normal citizen is going to go broke. They do not have the bankroll to withstand the variations, and they are over betting, just waiting for a streak of bad luck to wipe them out. The casino has a huge bankroll and can wait out any individual player's lucky streak. Today's black chip bettor is tomorrow's suicide, divorce, bank robber, back-alley bum. A new player with disposible cash will replace him, just waiting for another disaster.
Step 2) Build your bankroll. Work, invest, save - if you plan on starting without adequate bankroll, you might as well just mail the casino the money, and save yourself some time.
Step 3) Study, Learn, Practice. Practice some more. Practice again. Just for the heck of it, Study - Learn - Practice, one more time. Then repeat all of the above. You got time to do this while you are building bankroll.
Step 4) Work on hustling the comps. Special Coupons. Promotions. Free Give Aways. Only play the best games. Only enter games when you have an advantage. Leave as soon as you don't. Don't play marginal games. Better not to play than play a bad game. In short, act like it is your own money you are gambling with.
Step 5) See Step 3.