Books that I feel have been the most valuable in my education:
Blackbelt in Blackjack by Arnold Snyder: I think this is the best introductory book on the subject. It gives a very realistic depiction of what being an AP is actually like and delves into more advanced topics than most books, without being incomprehensible to the beginner. The Red 7 and Zen counts are also great contributions.
Exhibit CAA by James Grosjean: Yes, it's mostly valuable if you find a "special" game and need the numbers/strategy for it, but it's also filled with practical information for advantage players, even *gasp* card counters! It's also hilarious.
Blackjack Essays by Mason Malmuth: I've never seen anyone talk about this book, which is odd because his essays on "card domination" (cutoff tracking) and front-loading are excellent. He also has reasonable advice on casino comportment.
Blackjack Secrets by Stanford Wong: Another great study on casino comportment, and discussions of some of the finer points of the game. The section on "top money-making opportunities" is very valuable, as it illustrates the need to be on the lookout for non-traditional opportunities (eg. AP Keno!).
Million Dollar Blackjack by Ken Uston: Obviously outdated, but filled with great information and very well-written. There is a lot to be learned here, including some advanced techniques (although Grosjean takes some issue with his front-loading strategies).
Comp City by Max Rubin: An invaluable resource for the comp game. This one's also a laugh riot. This is the one book that could probably pay itself off many times over in just a few hours of playing, even for complete beginners.